No!, the earth is not flat and neither hollow
No!, the earth is not flat and neither hollow
V838 Monocerotis Star
There are certain movements that believe, in one case, that the earth is flat, and another case, that it is spherical and hollow, when in fact, it is known, since ancient times, that the earth has a similar shape to what a sphere would be and also that it is solid. The shape of the earth is known, for example, since the philosopher Aristotle presented some empirical evidence, such as the difference in the position of the stars depending on where the observer is (Herrera, 2019) which today can be checked with circumpolar photos. Another philosopher who, a century later than Aristotle, also contributed on the circumference of the earth, was Eratosthenes, who managed to calculate the diameter of the planet with very little margin of error, the experiment he performed, consisted of measuring the angle of the shadow projected by a stick, the philosopher knew in advance that vertical objects cast no shadow at noon at the summer solstice in Siena, Egypt; these data were from a papyrus from the library of Alexandria and for his experiment, he stuck a stick in Alexandria so he could measure his shadow at exactly the same time and on the same day he indicated the papyrus, as data, he took the distance that traversed the caravan merchants who visited both cities, and then determined, through trigonometric calculations, that the circumference of the earth measures 40,000 km.
- Two modern myths about the shape of the planet earth
Geoid
International Centre for Global Earth Models (ICGEM)
Polar and circumpolar stars
Amasuela - Luis Lafuente Agudín
[CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)]
Flat Earth
Orlando Ferguson [Public domain]
Hollow Earth
C. Durand Chapman [Public domain]
V838 Monocerotis Star
NASA, ESA and H.E. Bond (STScI) [Public domain]
There are certain movements that believe, in one case, that the earth is flat, and another case, that it is spherical and hollow, when in fact, it is known, since ancient times, that the earth has a similar shape to what a sphere would be and also that it is solid. The shape of the earth is known, for example, since the philosopher Aristotle presented some empirical evidence, such as the difference in the position of the stars depending on where the observer is (Herrera, 2019) which today can be checked with circumpolar photos. Another philosopher who, a century later than Aristotle, also contributed on the circumference of the earth, was Eratosthenes, who managed to calculate the diameter of the planet with very little margin of error, the experiment he performed, consisted of measuring the angle of the shadow projected by a stick, the philosopher knew in advance that vertical objects cast no shadow at noon at the summer solstice in Siena, Egypt; these data were from a papyrus from the library of Alexandria and for his experiment, he stuck a stick in Alexandria so he could measure his shadow at exactly the same time and on the same day he indicated the papyrus, as data, he took the distance that traversed the caravan merchants who visited both cities, and then determined, through trigonometric calculations, that the circumference of the earth measures 40,000 km.
The myth that people believed that the land in the middle ages was flat is modern, since, at that time, even the religious authorities considered the calculations and estimates provided by the ancient philosophers, including St. Augustine of Hippo, correct, he said. that there are no reasons to doubt the contributions of former thinkers. In the nineteenth century, the writer Andrew Dickson White, was one of the people who popularized the belief that people in ancient times believed that, if they entered the ocean, they could fall to the shore of the earth, but navigators of that At that time, like Christopher Columbus, they never said anything similar in their writings (BBC Mundo, 2016). Another of the people who contributed with this myth was the English inventor Samuel Birley Rowbotham, also known as Parallax, who, in 1849, signed a pamphlet that later became a book called Earth is not a globe. He was in charge of creating the modern myth, in which the earth is a disk with the north pole to the center and with a wall of ice that would correspond to the south pole, it was also who said that the sun was very small and that it is 400 miles away from the disc, after his death, the Universal Zetetic Society was founded, a precursor to the Flat Earth Societiy, which continues to operate until today.
The Flat Earth Society was created in 1956 by Samuel Shenton, his movement has followers around the world and they believe that there is a conspiracy to hide the true shape of the earth, this society is so large, that they even make congresses and finance projects and documentaries to try to prove their point of view (Picheta, 2019), but unfortunately today, there are also famous people who support this type of thinking without any real foundation and from ignorance, they even spread these theories to convince more people That the earth is flat.
Unlike the terraplanistas, there are also people who believe that the earth is indeed round, but hollow inside, with an internal sun and optimal conditions for life (Jiménez, 2019), they also believe that, in this inner world called Agartha, whose capital is Shambala, there is an advancing intra-terrestrial civilization in which he lives in king of the world (AIM, 2018). The myth of the hollow earth has been discussed since ancient times, the truth is that in ancient times there were tunnels or underground cities, for example, the Mayan tunnels in Tikal or the city of Derinkuku in Turkey (Holloway, 2013). Also in ancient times there were various myths that the underworld was under the ground and that it could be accessed through caves, even scientists such as Edmund Halley in the seventeenth century have proposed that there may be interior mantles with their own atmosphere and magnetic poles. One of the precursors of modern hollow earth thinking is John Cleves Symmes, Jr. who, at the beginning of the 20th century, wanted to make an expedition to find an opening in the north pole and reach that inner world, something that could not be done specify and later, comes the hypothesis that is handled today comes with William Reed, who postulated that both poles would be the entrances to this inner world, although he ruled out the existence of layers and an internal sun like the believers in Agartha (Rodriguez, n.d.). One of the tests that try to give as true the defenders of the hollow earth, is the explosion of V838 Monocerotis, since, erroneously, they argue that it is a planet and that its internal sun can be seen, but in reality it is a star (Campillo, 2017). One of the most famous drivers of the hollow earth is the pilot Richard E. Byrd, who supposedly arrived in a parallel world flying over the Antarctic, in which he observed creatures similar to mammoths in a place full of mountains and vegetation (Okdiario, 2017).
Many of the arguments given by the flat-earther or the followers of the belief that the earth is hollow can easily be counteracted, for example, the flat-earthers' argument that the stars are static, things that Aristotle already said and that it can be verified simply seen, these change position and are different in various places on earth (Marcos, n.d.); and the thought that the earth is hollow can be refuted simply that if it were so, gravity would not exist on the planet, we must also remember, that both thoughts can be refuted by the existence of the earth's magnetic field, since This is generated by the dynamo effect produced by the difference in speeds between the rotation of the nucleus and the rest of the planet.
The Flat Earth Society was created in 1956 by Samuel Shenton, his movement has followers around the world and they believe that there is a conspiracy to hide the true shape of the earth, this society is so large, that they even make congresses and finance projects and documentaries to try to prove their point of view (Picheta, 2019), but unfortunately today, there are also famous people who support this type of thinking without any real foundation and from ignorance, they even spread these theories to convince more people That the earth is flat.
Unlike the terraplanistas, there are also people who believe that the earth is indeed round, but hollow inside, with an internal sun and optimal conditions for life (Jiménez, 2019), they also believe that, in this inner world called Agartha, whose capital is Shambala, there is an advancing intra-terrestrial civilization in which he lives in king of the world (AIM, 2018). The myth of the hollow earth has been discussed since ancient times, the truth is that in ancient times there were tunnels or underground cities, for example, the Mayan tunnels in Tikal or the city of Derinkuku in Turkey (Holloway, 2013). Also in ancient times there were various myths that the underworld was under the ground and that it could be accessed through caves, even scientists such as Edmund Halley in the seventeenth century have proposed that there may be interior mantles with their own atmosphere and magnetic poles. One of the precursors of modern hollow earth thinking is John Cleves Symmes, Jr. who, at the beginning of the 20th century, wanted to make an expedition to find an opening in the north pole and reach that inner world, something that could not be done specify and later, comes the hypothesis that is handled today comes with William Reed, who postulated that both poles would be the entrances to this inner world, although he ruled out the existence of layers and an internal sun like the believers in Agartha (Rodriguez, n.d.). One of the tests that try to give as true the defenders of the hollow earth, is the explosion of V838 Monocerotis, since, erroneously, they argue that it is a planet and that its internal sun can be seen, but in reality it is a star (Campillo, 2017). One of the most famous drivers of the hollow earth is the pilot Richard E. Byrd, who supposedly arrived in a parallel world flying over the Antarctic, in which he observed creatures similar to mammoths in a place full of mountains and vegetation (Okdiario, 2017).
Many of the arguments given by the flat-earther or the followers of the belief that the earth is hollow can easily be counteracted, for example, the flat-earthers' argument that the stars are static, things that Aristotle already said and that it can be verified simply seen, these change position and are different in various places on earth (Marcos, n.d.); and the thought that the earth is hollow can be refuted simply that if it were so, gravity would not exist on the planet, we must also remember, that both thoughts can be refuted by the existence of the earth's magnetic field, since This is generated by the dynamo effect produced by the difference in speeds between the rotation of the nucleus and the rest of the planet.
References:
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BBC Mundo. (2016). Por qué hay gente que aún cree que la Tierra es plana. Recuperado de https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-37954365
Campillo, S. (2017). “El mito de los huecos en los polos de la Tierra no se ha terminado”. En Hipertextual. Recuperado de https://hipertextual.com/2017/02/tierra-hueca
Campillo, S. (2017). “El mito de los huecos en los polos de la Tierra no se ha terminado”. En Hipertextual. Recuperado de https://hipertextual.com/2017/02/tierra-hueca
Herrera, A. (2019). “La verdadera historia de la Tierra plana”. En La Vanguardia. Recuperado de https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-antigua/20191119/471714981149/tierra-plana-mito.html
Holloway, A. (2013). “Ciudades subterraneas y redes alrededor del mundo”. En Pirámides de Bosnia. Recuperado de https://piramidesdebosnia.com/2014/04/03/ciudades-subterraneas-y-redes-alrededor-del-mundo-2/
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Marcos, L. (s.f.). “Cómo discutir con un terraplanista (y ganar)”. En Muy Interesante. Recuperado de https://www.muyinteresante.es/ciencia/fotos/argumentos-en-contra-tierra-plana
Okdiario. (2017). ¿Cuál es la hipótesis de la Tierra hueca?. Recuperado de https://okdiario.com/curiosidades/teoria-tierra-hueca-984064
Picheta, R. (2019). “La conspiración de que la Tierra es plana se está extendiendo por todo el mundo. ¿Oculta un fondo más oscuro?”. En CNN. Recuperado de https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2019/11/18/la-conspiracion-de-que-la-tierra-es-plana-se-esta-extendiendo-por-todo-el-mundo-oculta-un-fondo-mas-oscuro/
Rodriguez, (s.f.). “Teoría de la Tierra Hueca”. En VIX. Recuperado de https://www.vix.com/es/btg/curiosidades/5916/teoria-de-la-tierra-hueca
How to cite this article:
Nocetti, F.A. (2020). "No!, the earth is not flat and neither hollow". In NabbuBlog. Retrieved from http://nabbublog.blogspot.com/2020/02/no-earth-is-not-flat-and-neither-hollow.html